Issue
Atomic force microscope observation of athletes' hemoglobin imaging
Corresponding Author(s) : Guojun Zhang
Cellular and Molecular Biology,
Vol. 66 No. 7: Issue 7
Abstract
Hemoglobin (Hb) is a protein and its functional form has a tetrameric structure. This structure is the result of a combination of four sub-units called globin and indicates the dynamic interaction between them. Each subunit has a ring-shaped organic molecule called a heme that contains an iron atom; Heme is a group that mediates the reversible binding of oxygen by hemoglobin. This research was performed to observe the image of Hb by an atomic force microscope (AFM) and measure the physical function of athletes. For this purpose, based on the principle of AFM imaging, the hemoglobin crosslinking method was used to measure the morphology and size of cross-linked Hb, glutaraldehyde and Hb diameter were detected to prepare cross-linked Hb samples with different molar ratio, the activity of peroxidase was detected by Trinder reaction. The AFM was used to detect the influence of physiological environment changes such as pH, temperature, oxygen partial pressure and osmotic pressure on the absorption spectrum of Hb imaging. Results showed that the size of the uncrosslinked Hb was 6.64 nm. With the increase of the molar ratio of glutaraldehyde to Hb, the number of Hb molecules involved in the crosslinking increased, and the molecular size increased. During the crosslinking process, the aggregation of the cross-linked molecules would make the particle size of some Hb molecules reach 80-100 nm. The peak height, peak position and peak shape of the characteristic absorption peaks of pH to hemoglobin at 550 and 589 nm occurred. When the temperature changes continuously in the range of 30-55℃, the peak height of Hb absorption spectrum of normal red blood cells at 550 nm and 589 nm decreases gradually with the increase of temperature, and the peak shape at 610 nm changes obviously at 42℃, which indicates that the molecular structure of Hb changes; the absorption spectrum curve of deoxygenation disappears at 500 nm, the oxygen-binding capacity of Hb is very low, and the oxygen affinity and oxygenated hemoglobin are low (The concentration of HbO2) decreased, the osmotic pressure increased, the RBC dehydrated, the volume decreased, and the concentration of Hb increased. Conclusion: It is more accurate and comprehensive to use AFM to observe athletes' hemoglobin.
Keywords
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- Xue H, Zhang H. Research on airborne mufti-functional rf integration system. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 532-539.
- Xue Y, Zhou, L. Research on TCP enhancement in cognitive network based on cross-layer design. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 208-213.
- Ding C, Leow MS, Magkos F. Oxytocin in metabolic homeostasis: implications for obesity and diabetes management. Obesity Rev 2019; 20(1): 22-40.
- Jiao X, Shi Z. The evaluation method of student performance in army simulation training system based on the grubbs calibration. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016;11: 283-287.
- Kudryavtsev A. 3D Reconstruction in Scanning Electron Microscope: from image acquisition to dense point cloud (Doctoral dissertation, Bourgogne Franche-Comté).
- Zang W, Li Y, Wei G. Research on standards system and evaluation indicators for new type of smart cities. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2018; 13: 1-7.
- Wang Q, Wang Z, Yao J. Conformance testing of new routing protocol in integrated space-terrestrial network. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2018; 13: 72-80.
- Ge W. Secret sharing scheme based on Birkhoff interpolating polynomial. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2018; 76: 170-173.
- Liu B, Su J. FrFT based adaptive interference suppression algorithm for time-varying wide-band interference. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 319-325.
- Horak IR, Pasichnyk GV, Gerashchenko DS. cellular Plasticity as a driving force in cancer Progression: the regulatory role of adaPtor Protein ruK/cin85. The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal. 2018; 90(3):102-3.
- Jiang H. Research on knowledge management system for defense science and technology intelligence in big data environment. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016;11: 245-249.
- Chen H. A method of synthesizing range profile with a random lfm pulse signal. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 636-641.
- Zhang H, Ma Z, Feng C. Comparison between sodar and wind tower data. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 562-568.
- Cui J, Zhang Z. Analysis and evaluation of aircraft group with awacs cooperated combat on attacking area. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 305-309.
- Jabin MA, Ahmed K, Rana MJ, Paul BK, Luo Y, Vigneswaran D. Titanium-coated dual-core D-shaped SPR-based PCF for hemoglobin sensing. Plasmonics. 2019 Dec 1; 14(6):1601-10.
- Ahmed K, Ahmed F, Roy S, Paul BK, Aktar MN, Vigneswaran D, Islam MS. Refractive index-based blood components sensing in terahertz spectrum. IEEE Sensors Journal. 2019 Jan 25; 19(9):3368-75.
- Ahmed K, Paul BK, Vasudevan B, Rashed AN, Maheswar R, Amiri IS, Yupapin P. Design of D-shaped elliptical core photonic crystal fiber for blood plasma cell sensing application. Results in Physics. 2019 Mar 1; 12:2021-5.
- Asaduzzaman S, Paul BK, Ahmed K, Bhuiyan T, Rahman SM. Highly sensitive SPR based PCF for biological substance sensing: design and analysis. InBiophotonics: Photonic Solutions for Better Health Care VI 2018 May 17 (Vol. 10685, p. 106851R). International Society for Optics and Photonics.
- Shao L, Huang C, Huang W. Study on optical interconnect module key position alignment offset post welding. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 672-676.
- Yan N. Resisting power attacks scheme based on signed integer splitting form. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2017; 12: 438-442.
- Zhang Y, Zhao X, Tu H. A queue management mechanism to improve 3d video transmission in WLAN. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2017; 12: 246-250.
- Liang X, Shi W, Wang X, Qin J, Wang L, Wu X, et al. Brainstem schwannoma: A case report and review of clinical and imaging features. Int J Radiat Res. 2020; 18 (3) :605-610.
- ayeri H, Sattarzadeh Khameneh E, Zolghadri S, Kakaei S, Sardari D. Optimized production, quality control and biological assessment of 68-Ga-bleomycin as a possible PET imaging agent. Int J Radiat Res. 2020; 18 (2) :235-241.
- He X, Zheng J, Ren J, Zheng G, Liu L. Chest high-resolution computed tomography imaging findings of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pneumonia. Int J Radiat Res. 2020; 18 (2) :343-349.
- Liu X, Shen C. Correlation of ultrasound perfusion imaging and angiogenesis of ovarian tumors. Int J Radiat Res. 2019; 17 (4) :559-567.
- Ahmadi N, Karimian A, Nasrabadi M, Rahmim A. Assessment of fetal and maternal radiation absorbed dose in 18F-FDG PET imaging. Int J Radiat Res. 2019; 17 (4) :651-657.
- Choi J, Rim C, Kim Y, Yang D. Cumulative radiation exposure dose of diagnostic imaging studies in breast cancer patients. Int J Radiat Res. 2019; 17 (2) :275-281.
- Salimi Y, Deevband M, Ghafarian P, Ay M. Uncertainties in effective dose estimation for CT transmission scan in total body PET-CT imaging with Auto mA3D tube current modulation. Int J Radiat Res. 2018; 16 (4) :465-472.
- Chen H, Huang H, Li G, Huang D, Huang S, Wang Z. Application of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging fusion images for delineating gross tumor volume in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Radiat Res. 2017; 15 (3) :251-257.
- Abtahi S, Jafari Khalilabadi R, Aftabi S. An investigation into the effect of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) echo time spacing and number of echoes on the sensitivity and dose resolution of PAGATUG polymer-gel dosimeter. Int J Radiat Res. 2017; 15 (2) :185-196.
- Mahdavi S R, Jazayeri Gharehbagh E, Mofid B, Jafari A H, Nikoofar A R. Accuracy of the dose delivery in prostate cancer patients-using an electronic portal imaging device (EPID). Int J Radiat Res. 2017; 15 (1) :39-47.
- Heck K, Korkusuz Y, Happel C, Grünwald F, Korkusuz H. Percutaneous microwave ablation of thyroid nodules: efficacy evaluation with 99m Tc - pertechnetate and 99mTc-MIBI functional imaging. Int J Radiat Res. 2016; 14 (2) :91-98.
- Robatjazi M, Mahdavi S, Nikofar A, Bolouri B, Baghani H. Optimization of clinical target volume delineation using magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) in 3D conformal radiotherapy of prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Res. 2014; 12 (4) :303-309.
- Jomehzadeh A, Shokrani P, Mohammadi M, Amouheidari A. A quality assurance program for an amorphous silicon electronic portal imaging device using in-house developed phantoms: a method development for dosimetry purposes. Int J Radiat Res. 2014; 12 (3) :257-264.
- Teimoori Sichani M, Amoui M, Akhlaghpoor S, Hosntalab M. Quantitative SPECT and planar 32P bremsstrahlung imaging for dosimetry purpose –An experimental phantom study. Int J Radiat Res. 2014; 12 (2) :129-138.
- Salihin Yusoff M, Zakaria A. Determination of the optimum filter for qualitative and quantitative 99mTc myocardial SPECT imaging. Int J Radiat Res. 2009; 6 (4) :173-182.
- Jalilian A, Mirazizi F, Nazem H, Garousi J, Bolourinovin F, Sadeghpour H. Preparation and quality control of radiolabeled streptokinase for Thrombosis imaging. Int J Radiat Res. 2009; 6 (4) :195-200.
- Azadbakht B, Zahmatkesh M, Hadad K, Bagheri S. Verification of the PAGAT polymer gel dosimeter by photon beams using magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Radiat Res. 2008; 6 (2) :83-87.
- Khosravi H, Sarkar S, Takavar A, Saghari M, Shahriari M. Planar and SPECT Monte Carlo acceleration using a variance reduction technique in I131 imaging. Int J Radiat Res. 2007; 4 (4) :175-182.
- Jalilian AR, Fateh B, Ghergherehchi M, Karimian A, Matlloobi M. Preparation, distribution, stability and tumor imaging properties of [62Zn] bleomycin complex in normal and tumor-bearing mice. Int J Radiat Res. 2003; 1 (1) :37-44.
References
Xue H, Zhang H. Research on airborne mufti-functional rf integration system. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 532-539.
Xue Y, Zhou, L. Research on TCP enhancement in cognitive network based on cross-layer design. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 208-213.
Ding C, Leow MS, Magkos F. Oxytocin in metabolic homeostasis: implications for obesity and diabetes management. Obesity Rev 2019; 20(1): 22-40.
Jiao X, Shi Z. The evaluation method of student performance in army simulation training system based on the grubbs calibration. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016;11: 283-287.
Kudryavtsev A. 3D Reconstruction in Scanning Electron Microscope: from image acquisition to dense point cloud (Doctoral dissertation, Bourgogne Franche-Comté).
Zang W, Li Y, Wei G. Research on standards system and evaluation indicators for new type of smart cities. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2018; 13: 1-7.
Wang Q, Wang Z, Yao J. Conformance testing of new routing protocol in integrated space-terrestrial network. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2018; 13: 72-80.
Ge W. Secret sharing scheme based on Birkhoff interpolating polynomial. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2018; 76: 170-173.
Liu B, Su J. FrFT based adaptive interference suppression algorithm for time-varying wide-band interference. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 319-325.
Horak IR, Pasichnyk GV, Gerashchenko DS. cellular Plasticity as a driving force in cancer Progression: the regulatory role of adaPtor Protein ruK/cin85. The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal. 2018; 90(3):102-3.
Jiang H. Research on knowledge management system for defense science and technology intelligence in big data environment. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016;11: 245-249.
Chen H. A method of synthesizing range profile with a random lfm pulse signal. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 636-641.
Zhang H, Ma Z, Feng C. Comparison between sodar and wind tower data. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 562-568.
Cui J, Zhang Z. Analysis and evaluation of aircraft group with awacs cooperated combat on attacking area. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 305-309.
Jabin MA, Ahmed K, Rana MJ, Paul BK, Luo Y, Vigneswaran D. Titanium-coated dual-core D-shaped SPR-based PCF for hemoglobin sensing. Plasmonics. 2019 Dec 1; 14(6):1601-10.
Ahmed K, Ahmed F, Roy S, Paul BK, Aktar MN, Vigneswaran D, Islam MS. Refractive index-based blood components sensing in terahertz spectrum. IEEE Sensors Journal. 2019 Jan 25; 19(9):3368-75.
Ahmed K, Paul BK, Vasudevan B, Rashed AN, Maheswar R, Amiri IS, Yupapin P. Design of D-shaped elliptical core photonic crystal fiber for blood plasma cell sensing application. Results in Physics. 2019 Mar 1; 12:2021-5.
Asaduzzaman S, Paul BK, Ahmed K, Bhuiyan T, Rahman SM. Highly sensitive SPR based PCF for biological substance sensing: design and analysis. InBiophotonics: Photonic Solutions for Better Health Care VI 2018 May 17 (Vol. 10685, p. 106851R). International Society for Optics and Photonics.
Shao L, Huang C, Huang W. Study on optical interconnect module key position alignment offset post welding. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2016; 11: 672-676.
Yan N. Resisting power attacks scheme based on signed integer splitting form. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2017; 12: 438-442.
Zhang Y, Zhao X, Tu H. A queue management mechanism to improve 3d video transmission in WLAN. J Chin Acad Electron Info Technol 2017; 12: 246-250.
Liang X, Shi W, Wang X, Qin J, Wang L, Wu X, et al. Brainstem schwannoma: A case report and review of clinical and imaging features. Int J Radiat Res. 2020; 18 (3) :605-610.
ayeri H, Sattarzadeh Khameneh E, Zolghadri S, Kakaei S, Sardari D. Optimized production, quality control and biological assessment of 68-Ga-bleomycin as a possible PET imaging agent. Int J Radiat Res. 2020; 18 (2) :235-241.
He X, Zheng J, Ren J, Zheng G, Liu L. Chest high-resolution computed tomography imaging findings of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pneumonia. Int J Radiat Res. 2020; 18 (2) :343-349.
Liu X, Shen C. Correlation of ultrasound perfusion imaging and angiogenesis of ovarian tumors. Int J Radiat Res. 2019; 17 (4) :559-567.
Ahmadi N, Karimian A, Nasrabadi M, Rahmim A. Assessment of fetal and maternal radiation absorbed dose in 18F-FDG PET imaging. Int J Radiat Res. 2019; 17 (4) :651-657.
Choi J, Rim C, Kim Y, Yang D. Cumulative radiation exposure dose of diagnostic imaging studies in breast cancer patients. Int J Radiat Res. 2019; 17 (2) :275-281.
Salimi Y, Deevband M, Ghafarian P, Ay M. Uncertainties in effective dose estimation for CT transmission scan in total body PET-CT imaging with Auto mA3D tube current modulation. Int J Radiat Res. 2018; 16 (4) :465-472.
Chen H, Huang H, Li G, Huang D, Huang S, Wang Z. Application of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging fusion images for delineating gross tumor volume in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Radiat Res. 2017; 15 (3) :251-257.
Abtahi S, Jafari Khalilabadi R, Aftabi S. An investigation into the effect of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) echo time spacing and number of echoes on the sensitivity and dose resolution of PAGATUG polymer-gel dosimeter. Int J Radiat Res. 2017; 15 (2) :185-196.
Mahdavi S R, Jazayeri Gharehbagh E, Mofid B, Jafari A H, Nikoofar A R. Accuracy of the dose delivery in prostate cancer patients-using an electronic portal imaging device (EPID). Int J Radiat Res. 2017; 15 (1) :39-47.
Heck K, Korkusuz Y, Happel C, Grünwald F, Korkusuz H. Percutaneous microwave ablation of thyroid nodules: efficacy evaluation with 99m Tc - pertechnetate and 99mTc-MIBI functional imaging. Int J Radiat Res. 2016; 14 (2) :91-98.
Robatjazi M, Mahdavi S, Nikofar A, Bolouri B, Baghani H. Optimization of clinical target volume delineation using magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) in 3D conformal radiotherapy of prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Res. 2014; 12 (4) :303-309.
Jomehzadeh A, Shokrani P, Mohammadi M, Amouheidari A. A quality assurance program for an amorphous silicon electronic portal imaging device using in-house developed phantoms: a method development for dosimetry purposes. Int J Radiat Res. 2014; 12 (3) :257-264.
Teimoori Sichani M, Amoui M, Akhlaghpoor S, Hosntalab M. Quantitative SPECT and planar 32P bremsstrahlung imaging for dosimetry purpose –An experimental phantom study. Int J Radiat Res. 2014; 12 (2) :129-138.
Salihin Yusoff M, Zakaria A. Determination of the optimum filter for qualitative and quantitative 99mTc myocardial SPECT imaging. Int J Radiat Res. 2009; 6 (4) :173-182.
Jalilian A, Mirazizi F, Nazem H, Garousi J, Bolourinovin F, Sadeghpour H. Preparation and quality control of radiolabeled streptokinase for Thrombosis imaging. Int J Radiat Res. 2009; 6 (4) :195-200.
Azadbakht B, Zahmatkesh M, Hadad K, Bagheri S. Verification of the PAGAT polymer gel dosimeter by photon beams using magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Radiat Res. 2008; 6 (2) :83-87.
Khosravi H, Sarkar S, Takavar A, Saghari M, Shahriari M. Planar and SPECT Monte Carlo acceleration using a variance reduction technique in I131 imaging. Int J Radiat Res. 2007; 4 (4) :175-182.
Jalilian AR, Fateh B, Ghergherehchi M, Karimian A, Matlloobi M. Preparation, distribution, stability and tumor imaging properties of [62Zn] bleomycin complex in normal and tumor-bearing mice. Int J Radiat Res. 2003; 1 (1) :37-44.