Issue
Physiological and biochemical responses of some olive cultivars (Olea europaea L.) to water stress
Corresponding Author(s) : Isa Arji
Cellular and Molecular Biology,
Vol. 64 No. 15: Issue 15
Abstract
Water stress is one of the important abiotic environmental stresses that threaten the agricultural -products in the world. This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of water stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of three commercial olive cultivars. A factorial pot experiment was conducted in the field conditions using completely randomized design in Gilan-Gharb city, Kermanshah province during 2015. One-year-old rooted cuttings of Zard, Amigdalolia and Konservolia olive cultivars were planted in 12-liter pots and subjected to three irrigation treatments. Irrigation treatments included control (100% of field capacity), 75% and 50% field capacity. Physiological and biochemical characteristics such as relative water content (RWC), electrolyte leakage (EL), calcium, potassium and sodium content, total phenol, malondialdehyde, peroxidases, catalase, a, b and total chlorophyll, proline and total carbohydrate were measured. Results showed that relative water content, K & Ca was reduced while sodium content increased by increasing water stress. Chlorophyll content was higher in Konservolia cultivar under water stress in comparison to the others. Water stress induced increasing in proline, total phenol and soluble carbohydrate in all cultivars. The highest total phenol and proline was recorded in Zard cultivar under water stress. Total carbohydrate increased significantly (P<0.05) in Konservolia in comparison to the others. Malondialdehyde content was increased as an index of oxidative stress by drought. The highest peroxidases and catalase activity were recorded under drought stress of 50% irrigation in Konservolia olive cultivar. Generally based on results Konservolia, Zard and Amigdalolia were more tolerant respectively.
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- Selote DS, Khanna-Chopra R. Drought-induced spikelet sterility is associated with an inefficient antioxidant defence in rice panicles. Physiol Plant 2004; 121: 462-471.
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References
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Selote DS, Khanna-Chopra R. Drought-induced spikelet sterility is associated with an inefficient antioxidant defence in rice panicles. Physiol Plant 2004; 121: 462-471.
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Smirnoff N. The role of active oxygen in the response to water deficit and desiccation. New Phytol 1993; 125: 27–58.
Edreva A. Generation and scavenging of reactive oxygen species in chloroplasts: a submolecular approach. Agric Ecosyst Environ 2005; 106: 119–133.
Bacelar EA, Santos DL, Moutinho-Pereira JM, Goncalves BC, Ferreira HF, Correia CM. Immediate responses and adaptative strategies of three olive cultivars under contrasting water availability regimes: Changes on structure and chemical composition of foliage and oxidative damage. Plant Sci 2006; 170: 596–605.
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Peltzer D, Dreyer E, Polle A. Differential temperature dependencies of antioxidative enzymes in two contrasting species: Fagus sylvatica and Coleus blumei. Plant Physiol Biochem 2002; 40: 141–150.
Zarabi M, Talaei M, Soleimani E, Haddad R. The role of physiological and biochemical changes of six Olive cultivar exposed to drought stress. J Iran Hort Sci 2010; 24(2): 234-244.
Aganchich B, Wahbi S, Loreto F, Centritto M. Partial root zone drying: regulation of photosynthetic limitations and antioxidant enzymatic activities in young olive (Olea europaea L.) saplings. Tree Physiol 2009; 29: 685–696.
Amini Z, Moalemi N, Saadati S, Effect of water deficit on proline content and activity of antioxidant enzymes among three olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars. J Plant Res 2014; 27(2): 156-167.
Aganchich B, Tahi H, Wahbi S, Serraj R. Growth, water relations and antioxidant mechanisms of olive (Olea europaea L.) subjected to Partial Root Drying (PRD) and Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI). Plant Biosyst 2007; 141(2): 252-264.
Sofo A, Manfreda S, Fiorentino M, Dichio B, Xiloyannis C. The olive tree: a paradigm for drought tolerance in Mediterranean climates. Hydrol Earth Syst Sc 2008; 12: 293–301.
Guerfel M, Baccouri O, Boujnah D, Chaı W, Zarrouk M. Impacts of water stress on gas exchange, water relations, chlorophyll content and leaf structure in the two main Tunisian olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars. Hort Sci 2009; 119: 257–263.
Boughalleb F, Mhamdi M. Possible involvement of proline and the antioxidant defense systems in drought tolerance of three olive cultivars grown under increasing water deficit regimes. Agric J 2011; 6(6): 371-391.
Baily C, Benamar A, Corbineau F, Dí´me D. Changes in malondialdehyde content and in superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase activities in sunflower seed as related to deterioration during accelerated ageing. Physiol Plant 1996; 97: 104-110.
Sofo A, Dichio B, Xiloyannis C, Masia A. Effects of different irradiance levels on some antioxidant enzymes and on malondialdehyde content during rewatering in olive tree. Plant Sci 2004; 166: 293-302.
Petridis A, Therios I, Samouris G, Koundouras S, Giannakoula A. Effect of water deficit on leaf phenolic composition, gas exchange, oxidative damage and antioxidant activity of four Greek olive (Olea europaea L.,) cultivars. Plant Physiol Biochem 2012; 60: 1-11.
Fouad MO, Essahibi A, Benhiba L, Qaddoury A. Effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the protection of olive plants against oxidative stress induced by drought. Span J Agric Res 2014; 12(3): 763-771.
Rejskova A, Patkova L, Stodulkova E, Lipavská H. The effect of abiotic stresses on carbohydrate status of olive shoots (Olea europaea L.) under in vitro conditions. J Plant Physiol 2007; 164: 174-184.
Arzani K, Yazdani N. The influence of drought stress and paclobutrazol on quantitative changes of proteins in olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars `Bladi' and `Mission'. Acta Hortic 2008; 791: 527-530.
Arji I, Arzani K. Effect of water stress on some biochemical changes in leaf of five olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars. Acta Hortic 2008; 791: 523-526.
Shaheen MA, Hegazi AA, Hmmam ISA. Effect of water stress on vegetative characteristics and leaves chemical constituents of some transplants olive cultivars American-Eurasian J Agric Environ Sci 2011; 11(5): 663-670.
Rieger M. Offsetting effects of reduced root hydraulic conductivity and osmotic adjustment following drought. Tree Physiol 1995; 15: 379-385.
Xiloyannis C, Dichio B, Nuzzo V, Celano G. Defence strategies of olive against water stress. Acta Hortic 1999; 474: 423–426.
Charttzoulakis K, Bosabalidis AM, Patakas A, vemmos S. Effect of Water strees on water relation gas exchange and leaf structure of olive tree. Acta Hortic 2000; 537: 241-247
Sikaoui L, Bouizgaren A, Karrou M, Boulal H, Boulouha B, Karama M, Nangia V, Oweis T. Effect of three irrigation regimes on physiological parameters of new olive orchard under semi-arid conditions of Morocco. 7th International Conf. on Water Resources in the Mediterranean Basin 2014; Oct 10-12, Marrakech, Morocco.
Gholam, R, Arzani K, Arji I. Effect of paclobutrazol (PBZ) and different irrigation amount on vegetative growth and performance of young olive plants cv. Manzanillo. J Iran. Hort Sci 2013; 26(4): 402-408.
Kang Y, Khan Sh, Ma X. Climate change impacts on crop yield, crop water productivity and food security – A review. Prog Nat Sci 2009; 19(12): 1665-1674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnsc.2009.08.001
Arji I, Zeinanloo AA, Hajiamiri A, Najafi M. An investigation into different olive cultivars responses to Sarpole Zehab environmental conditions. The Plant Production 2013; 35(4):17-28.
Arzani K, Arji I. The effect of water stress and deficit irrigation on young potted olive cv. Local-Roghani-Roodbar. Acta Hortic 2000; 537: 879-888.
Gholami R, Sarikhani H, Arji I. Effects of deficit irrigation on some physiological and biochemical characteristics of six commercial olive cultivars in field conditions. Iran J Hort Sci Tech 2016.17 (1) :39-52.
Gholami R, Arji I, Gergakaneh M. Study of Irrigation Interval and Mulch Effects on Vegetative Growth of Olive in Kermanshah Province. J Hort Sci 2013; 27(1): 74-81.
Dong X, Leskovar D, Crosby K, Marek T. Quantifying crop water use in arid and semi-arid regions – Opportunities based on soil –plant water relations. J Arid Land Stud 2014; 24(1): 141-144.
Ogbaga CC, Stepien P, Johnson GN. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) varieties adopt strongly contrasting strategies in response to drought. Physiol Plant 2014; 152(2): 389-401.
Singleton VL,Rossi JA. Colorimetry of Total Phenolics with Phosphomolybdic-Phosphotungstic Acid Reagents. Am J Enol Vitic 1965. 16: 144-158.
Yucel CK, Bor M, Ryser P. Interspecific diversity in root antioxidative enzyme activities reflect root turnover strategies and preferred habitats in wetland graminoids. Ecol Evol 2014; 4(6): 831-840.
Herzog V, Fahimi H. Determination of the activity of peroxidase. Anal Biochem 1973; 55: 554–562.
Aebi H. Catalase in vitro. Methods in Enzymol 1984; 105: 121-126.
Stewart RRC, Bewley JD. Lipid peroxidation associated with accelerated aging in soybean axes. Plant Physiol 1980; 65: 245-248.
Kwon TW, Menzel DB, Olcott HS. Reactivity of malondialdehyde with food constituents. J Food Sci 1965; 30: 808-813.
Lutts S, Kinet JM, Bouharmont J. NaCl-induced senescence in leaves of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars differing in salinity resistance. Ann Bot 1996; 78: 389–398.
Bates LS, Waldren RP, Teare ID. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant Soil 1973; 39: 205-207.
Buysse J, Merckx R. An improved colorimetric method to quantify sugar content of plant tissue. J Exp Bot 1993; 44: 1627-1629.
Gucci U, Lombardini L, Tattini M. Analysis of leaf water relations in leaves of two olive (Olea europaea) cultivars differing in tolerance to salinity. Tree Physiol 1997; 17: 13-21.
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