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Vol. 64 No. 1: Issue 1

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Association between Vitamin D level and/or deficiency, and systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis

https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2018.64.1.2
Sang-Cheol Bae
Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea
Young Ho Lee
Department of Rheumatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Corresponding Author(s) : Young Ho Lee

lyhcgh@korea.ac.kr

Cellular and Molecular Biology, Vol. 64 No. 1: Issue 1

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We searched the PUBMED, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases and performed a meta-analysis examining the vitamin D level and/or deficiency in patients with SLE, compared with that in healthy controls. In total, 18 studies consisting of 1,083 patients with SLE and 1,273 controls were included. Vitamin D level was significantly lower in the SLE group than in the control group (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −0.938, 95% CI = −1.352 to −0.524, p = 9.0 í— 10−6). Stratification by ethnicity showed a significantly decreased vitamin D level in the SLE group in the European and Arab populations (SMD = −1.485, 95% CI = −2.427 to −0.543, p = 0.002; SMD = −1.067, 95% CI = −1.251 to −0.883, p < 1.0 í— 10−8), and an association tendency between decreased vitamin D level and SLE in the Asian population (SMD = −0.874, 95% CI = −2.073 to −0.324, p = 0.153). Subgroup analysis by sample size showed a significantly lower vitamin D level in the SLE group in small- (n ≤ 100) and large-sample (n > 100) populations (SMD = −1.008, 95% CI = −1.672 to −0.344, p = 0.003; SMD = −0.863, 95% CI = −1.444 to −0.293, p = 0.003). Meta-analysis revealed a significant association between SLE and vitamin D deficiency (RR = 2.321, 95% CI = 1.361–3.960, p = 0.002). Stratification by ethnicity showed a significant association between SLE and vitamin D deficiency in European and Arab populations (RR = 2.182, 95% CI = 1.024–4.648, p = 0.043; RR = 4.550, 95% CI = 3.471–5.965, p < 1.0 í— 10−8). Our meta-analysis demonstrates that compared with controls, patients with SLE show significantly low serum levels of vitamin D, and that a deficiency of vitamin D is associated with SLE.

Keywords

Vitamin D Deficiency Systemic lupus erythematosus.
Bae, S.-C., & Lee, Y. H. (2018). Association between Vitamin D level and/or deficiency, and systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis. Cellular and Molecular Biology, 64(1), 7–13. https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2018.64.1.2
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